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Chronic Pain

Chronic pain is pain lasting longer than 3 months that requires multimodal treatment — interventional procedures, therapy, and lifestyle changes — to restore function.

Pain that outlasts the injury that caused it stops being a warning signal and becomes a problem in its own right. That is the definition, and it is also the reason chronic pain resists the approach that works for a sprained ankle. At Remix Medical in Houston, our board-certified pain physicians build treatment around that distinction.

What is Chronic Pain?

Chronic pain is pain that persists or recurs for longer than three months, often continuing after the original injury or illness has healed. It is now formally recognized as a condition in its own right rather than merely a symptom of something else.

That reclassification matters clinically. Acute pain is a protective alarm — it tells you to stop, and it resolves when the tissue does. In chronic pain the alarm keeps sounding after the danger has passed, because the nervous system itself has changed how it processes those signals.

What Drives Chronic Pain

1. Prior Injury or Surgery

Fractures, sprains, and operations can leave pain behind after the tissue heals, through nerve injury or persistent inflammation.

2. Arthritis and Degenerative Joint Disease

Osteoarthritis and inflammatory arthritis produce ongoing joint pain and stiffness.

3. Nerve Damage

Diabetes, infection, chemotherapy, or trauma can injure peripheral nerves, producing burning, shooting, or electric pain.

4. Spine Disorders

Herniated disc, spinal stenosis, and degenerative disc disease are among the most common sources of persistent pain.

5. Systemic Conditions

Fibromyalgia, lupus, and multiple sclerosis produce widespread pain through different mechanisms.

6. Chronic Headache and Migraine

Frequent headache is itself a chronic pain disorder, and one that responds to specific treatment.

Sleep disruption, low mood, stress, and deconditioning are not merely consequences of chronic pain. They feed back into it, which is why treating them is part of treating the pain.

How Remix Medical Can Help

Evaluation starts with identifying what is actually generating the pain — and whether there is more than one source, which there often is. That means a detailed pain history, physical examination, and review of prior imaging and treatment.

The evidence consistently favors a multimodal approach over escalating any single treatment. Procedures earn their place by restoring enough function for rehabilitation to work, not by substituting for it.

ApproachWhat it involves
Physical rehabilitationGraded exercise and reconditioning, tailored to what you can currently tolerate — foundational to lasting improvement
Medication managementMatched to the pain mechanism, with non-opioid options first-line; opioids are reserved for carefully selected situations given limited long-term benefit and real risk
Interventional proceduresTargeted injections, nerve blocks, and radiofrequency ablation when a specific pain source can be identified
NeuromodulationSpinal cord stimulation evaluation for complex, persistent pain that has not responded to other measures
Behavioral pain managementCognitive behavioral and acceptance-based approaches, which improve pain, function, and quality of life on their own evidence
Coordinated specialty careOne record shared across pain management, internal medicine, nephrology, and our other services

Signs & symptoms

Signs and symptoms to watch for

  • Pain lasting longer than 3 months (aching, burning, shooting, or throbbing)
  • Pain flare-ups with activity or stress
  • Fatigue and low energy
  • Sleep problems
  • Stiffness and limited mobility
  • Mood changes, including anxiety or low mood
  • Reduced ability to perform daily activities

When to see a specialist

Should you see a specialist?

See a pain management specialist if pain has lasted longer than 12 weeks, interferes with sleep or daily activities, requires daily analgesic use, or has not improved with primary care management. Specialty evaluation is also indicated for nerve pain, complex regional pain syndrome, and chronic post-surgical pain.

Treatment options

Possible treatments

Frequently asked

Chronic Pain questions, answered

What is considered chronic pain?

Pain that lasts longer than three months, or beyond the time an injury would normally heal, is considered chronic. At that point it's treated as a condition in its own right, not just a symptom.

Why does chronic pain happen?

It can start from an injury, arthritis, nerve damage, or a spine problem, and then the nervous system becomes more sensitive over time. That's why the pain sometimes outlasts the original cause.

Can chronic pain be cured?

Many people won't be completely pain-free, but chronic pain can very often be brought down to a manageable level. The goal is to restore function, sleep, and quality of life, not just chase a zero.

When should I see a pain specialist?

Consider one when pain lasts beyond three months, limits your daily life, or isn't responding to basic treatment. A specialist has more tools, from targeted injections to nerve procedures and rehab.

Does chronic pain affect mental health?

Yes, and it runs both ways: ongoing pain disrupts sleep and mood, and stress or depression makes pain feel worse. Treating the whole picture is what breaks the cycle.

SpecialtyPain ManagementICD-10 codeG89.29Associated anatomyNervous system, peripheral nerves, central nervous system, musculoskeletal system

Also called Persistent Pain, Long-Term Pain, Chronic Pain Syndrome, Ongoing Pain

This page is for general education and is not a substitute for medical advice from your physician. Contact a Remix Medical clinician about your specific situation.

Updated July 31, 2026. Medically reviewed by Raju Mantena, DO.

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